Guide · Quality · 7 min read
What is FMEA? Managing Risk Before Failure Happens
A proactive quality method that identifies potential product and process failures early to reduce risk.
What is FMEA?
FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) systematically evaluates potential failures, their causes and effects — in design (DFMEA) or process (PFMEA) — before they occur.
How is risk prioritized?
Each failure is rated on Severity (S), Occurrence (O) and Detection (D). The classic approach uses RPN = S×O×D; the current AIAG-VDA approach uses Action Priority (AP).
Benefits
Early risk detection, fewer field failures and recalls, captured organizational knowledge, and compliance with customer/automotive standards (IATF 16949).
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